Almost every student knows that ifthe teacher at the Russian language lesson will address him with the words: "Compose sentences according to the schemes" - then you will first need to define the structure, and in the end will put punctuation marks. And with the latter will cope with any student, as they are displayed in a schematic drawing. All methods of image directly depend on various factors: the presence of direct speech, participial and adverbial movements, as well as the type and type of proposals and their schemes.
Direct speech
In order to draw up a scheme of the proposalof this type, the author's words and direct speech will be required. In this case, the first is indicated by the capital letter "a" or the capital "A" (in the case of writing at the beginning of the sentence), and the second by the big letter "P" with the obligatory use of quotes.
"P", - a .;
A: "P!";
"P, -a. -P.";
A: "P!" - a.
In each of them, punctuation marks have already been placed, which helps to quickly learn punctuation.
Simple and complex
If you answer the question of how to compilescheme of a sentence of a complex or simple type, then you need to start with the conditional images used in the schematic drawings. The most common is the linear scheme, which involves the use of parentheses for subordinate clauses and a square for highlighting the main ones. In addition, the predicate and the subject also have their own signs. In the first case, these are two parallel dashes, and in the second - a dash. It is worth noting that in a complex type, the so-called means of communication-the union word or union-can be indicated, and the question is raised from the main to the subordinate part. Here are the most basic examples: [- =, =], [-, - =] and [- =].
Complex
Solving how to draw up a scheme of a complextype, it is necessary to take into account that they are of three types: unionless, complex and compound. When graphically displaying it, one must remember: all communication facilities and the parts of the proposal themselves must be displayed without fail. For example: [- =], [= -], and [- =, =].
Complicated
There must always be a dependentpart. It is allocated in parentheses with a word inscribed in them, which serves as a bundle, and it is to it that the question arising from the main word or phrase is posed. How to compose the scheme of the sentence in this case is evident from the illustrative example: [- =], (since).
Alternative form of schematic drawing
In addition to linear types, it is sometimes accepteduse vertical schemes. Their main difference from the first is the absence of commas and other punctuation marks and the location under the main part. At the same subordinate clauses can be any number. For example:
[- =]
why? (because)
which one? (whom).
Higher education
The question arises, how to draw up a scheme of the proposaland during the pre-university training. In this case, specialized posters with images of subordinate parts in the form of circles are practiced, and the main ones are in the form of rectangles. In addition, in some situations, unions can be placed outside the graphic figures, but with the mandatory leaving inside the union word. This must be done, since the union is as much a part of the word as the other components (participle, predicate, subject and so on).
