Norms of blood tests in children. Decoding and features of collection

The general or common analysis of a blood (abbreviated - OAK), perhaps,The main method of examination, which helps diagnose most diseases. The popularity of the study is due to the relative simplicity of its conduct and the possibility of obtaining a quick result, thanks to which it is possible to establish the cause of a disease in the shortest possible time.

What are the norms of blood tests in children and how to properly take them? We will try to answer this question.

UAC in children. What is it for?

Thanks to this study, you can determine the following parameters of the child's condition:

• the number of erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes;
• hemoglobin level;
• the ratio of erythrocytes to plasma;
• sedimentation rate of erythrocytes (ESR).

Preparation for analysis

To obtain a reliable result,prepare the baby. So, the general analysis of the blood in children, however, like in adults, is taken exceptionally in the morning on an empty stomach. Therefore morning feeding and even a small drink in this case are excluded. Also, it is not recommended to take any medications on the eve, except for critical cases. Since it is difficult for infants to withstand large gaps between feedings, it is permissible for such children to submit the analysis after a while (two to three hours) after the child has eaten.

How It Works

Blood for research is taken from the finger with the help oftool scarifier. The laboratory assistant performs a puncture of the skin on the finger, from which the blood appears. Using a pipette, it is collected in a special vessel.

Norms of blood tests in children

After carrying out of laboratory researchthere comes a sequence of interpretation of the results. Before considering the standards of blood tests in children, it should be noted that the following indicators reflect the normal values ​​for a one-year-old child. Due to the rapid growth of the baby, the different speeds of metabolic processes, the results of the study may seriously differ. Therefore, the norm of blood analysis in children for each age, and also depending on gender, is different.

1. Hemoglobin. The norm is 110-135 g / l. Greater hemoglobin content may indicate heart disease, thickening of the blood. The low content is characteristic for anemia.
2. Erythrocytes. Normal - 3,6-4,9 x 10¹²/ l. A low value indicates a lack of iron, protein and vitamins. Elevated may be a sign of hypoxia and blood thickening (depending on whether the value is absolute or relative).
3. Platelets. The norm frames are wide enough - from 180 and up to 400 x 10⁹/ l. A larger number of platelets indicates a possible inflammation in the body and is a characteristic condition after operations. Reduction of platelets is observed in newborns in case of prematurity.
4. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The normal value is 4-12 mm / h. An increased sedimentation rate is observed with inflammatory processes in the body, intoxication, infections, kidney diseases. A lower value may appear due to weight loss, starvation.
5. Leukocytes. Leukocytosis (increased number of leukocytes)occurs with acute inflammation, tumors, burns. Leukopenia (low value) is a consequence of starvation, a physiological condition, can be hereditary in nature. The norm is 6.0-12.0 x 10⁹/ l.

It should be noted that the above norms of blood tests in children are conditional, and each specific analysis requires mandatory interpretation by the treating pediatrician.