Today's disease is considered to bethe most common disease of the thyroid gland. This is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by an increased effect of antibodies on the gland, as a result of which it produces too much hormone. In medicine, this disease is known as a diffuse toxic goiter. Indeed, the disease is accompanied by an intensive expansion of the thyroid gland and the formation of goiter.
Basould's disease: causes
As already mentioned, toxic goiter refers togroup of autoimmune diseases. As a result of a defect, the lymphocytes of the human body produce abnormal protein compounds that stimulate the activity of the gland.
As a rule, this disease is transmittedgenetically, so it is quite common among children and adolescents. In addition, the risk of developing toxic goiter is significantly higher in people with diabetes mellitus, vitiligo and addison disease. Basedova's disease can indicate the presence of foci of chronic infections in the body. The same disease occurs when a large amount of radioactive isotope of iodine enters the body.
Graves' disease: symptoms
The disease begins quite unnoticed. The first symptoms are sleep disturbances, hyperactivity, frequent mood swings, migraines, panic attacks. Further there is a sweating, a shiver in the extremities. A person suddenly sheds weight despite normal nutrition. Sick people, as a rule, do not tolerate heat, they are hot even in the cool season.
As the disease develops symptoms appear andside of the visual system. Eyes grow large and shiny. In some cases, goggles develop. A man complains of a burning sensation and a feeling of sand under his eyelids. Violated blood circulation in the eyeballs, resulting in frequent conjunctivitis and inflammation. Skin on the eyelids darkens.
Over time, an increase in thyroidglands. To the touch, it is firm, and touching it causes soreness. There are signs of the digestive system - nausea, diarrhea, vomiting. The person also complains of heart palpitations. In more severe cases, heart failure may develop.
Excess thyroid hormones affect other parts of the endocrine system. Therefore, quite often the disease accompanied by a violation of the menstrual cycle, a decrease in sexual desire, problems with potency.
Basedova's disease: treatment and diagnosis
Treatment of such a disease can be conductedonly an experienced endocrinologist - you can not try to cope with the disease yourself using grandmother's recipes. The patient must undergo a series of studies, including ultrasound examination and blood test for hormones. Only after this, the final diagnosis will be made.
Conservative methods of treatment includetaking special drugs that inhibit and slow down the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In the beginning, as a rule, large doses are prescribed, which gradually decrease in the process of recovery. Reception of such drugs last at least a year.
In the event that the Graves disease is not amenablemedical treatment, the patient may be prescribed an operation, during which the surgeon removes part of the gland. This does not eliminate the problem, but reduces the negative impact of hormones on the human body. After the operation, the patient needs a course of taking medications.
Often used and another method - treatment withusing radioactive iodine, which is artificially introduced into the tissues of the thyroid gland, resulting in cells slowly dying. But this treatment is used only for patients who are no longer going to have children.
