Blood cells of reticulocytes, whose normdiffers due to a variety of factors, are unformed forms of erythrocytes, and can be detected in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. As a rule, reticulocytes in the blood ripen in three to five days, and then these cells turn into mature erythrocytes. And the number of unformed erythrocytes in newborn babies is much larger than in adults.
Identify reticulocytes:
Identifying reticulocytes, the norm of which is determinedusing a special table, you need to take into account their differences from mature red blood cells. In this variety of blood cells either a whole nucleus is contained, or its residues are observed in the composition of granular-filamentous substance. To determine the number of such cells, it is necessary to study the color of the blood smear in the laboratory. For this, a blue diamond solution is applied, which is applied to the skim and pre-washed glass, and then a smear is made.
When reticulocytes are detected, the norm of whichis different, immediately after the smear the used glass should be placed in a Petri dish - a special moist chamber, then let stand for five minutes, carefully dry in fresh air, and then - microscopically. And the substance of the granular-filamentous type inside the reticulocyte usually stains in a violet-blue hue, and the background of red blood cells stands out due to a bluish-green hue.
If the Gel-Meier method is used, the coloringUnripe blood cells can be seen much better, but this requires Vidal's test tube. In this vessel a pair of drops of blood is mixed with a diamond solution and sodium chloride, then the tube is closed with a lid, and the smear itself is performed in an hour.
Counting of reticulocytes:
Counting the number of unripe blood cells,It is necessary to take as a basis 1000 erythrocytes, and then to consider reticulocytes, the norm of which usually varies at the level of 0.2% -1.2% of the number of adult erythrocytes. On average, in most people the number of unripe erythrocytes is usually 0.7% of the total number of fully matured blood cells. If the amount of reticulocytes is 10% or more higher than the maximum allowable rate, a person has reticulocytosis - a disease accompanied by regular acute bleeding and hemolytic anemia.
Counting reticulocytes (normal in children usuallyhigh), it is worth watching that their number does not exceed the limit values typical for adults. The norms depend on the gender, as in women 2.07% of immature red blood cells are still considered an acceptable parameter, while for men this indicator should not exceed 1.92%.
In cases where the level of reticulocytesis significantly increased, this indicates the presence of such disorders in the body as malaria and thalassemia, polycythemia and hypoxia, anemia, all kinds of hemolytic syndromes, but such indicators are possible even with cyanocobalamin treatment. If the level of immature red blood cells is lowered, a person can have aplastic and hypoplastic anemia, all kinds of diseases of the kidneys and myxedema, as well as the spread of bone metastases of tumors.
To diagnose the severity of anemia, it is necessarycalculation of the "reticulocyte index", which is calculated as the ratio of the percentage of reticulocytes and normal values of hematocrit multiplied by the number of days required for the entry of immature cells into peripheral blood. If the index obtained does not exceed two, the indicator indicates a hypoproliferative component of anemia, and in the case of excess of two, indicates the probability of increased formation of red blood cells.
