Acute tonsillitis refers to acute respiratoryinfections. It is characterized by a severe inflammation of the lymphoid formations (one or several) of the pharyngeal ring, which most often arises in the region of the tonsils. It is acute tonsillitis is commonly known as angina.
This disease is most often caused by bacteria,related to the hemolytic streptococcus groups A, G and C. Despite this, it can be caused by other viruses, streptococci, chlamydia, staphylococci, pneumococci, yeast fungi and mycoplasmas. Since acute tonsillitis is caused by pathogens that are easily transmitted by airborne droplets, you must carefully observe the hygiene requirements and constantly strengthen your immunity. It is necessary to avoid hypothermia, because even the use of cold ice cream on a hot summer day can trigger the onset of the disease.
Allocate different clinical forms of thisdiseases, namely, angina: catarrhal, follicular, fibrinous, lacunar, agranulocyte, fusipirohetoznuyu, candidiasis and viral. All these forms are caused by different pathogens. Acute tonsillitis is differentiated with angina, which occurs with scarlet fever, infectious mononucleosis and diphtheria.
The incubation period of the disease may bedifferent in duration. So, he can make a few hours, and four days. Its duration depends on the type of pathogen and the immune system of the body. The onset of the disease is characterized by an increase in temperature to 39 ° C, sore throat (especially when swallowing), chills, headache, general malaise. Often, patients complain of pain in the joints and muscles. Acute tonsillitis in children can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting and pain in the abdomen.
Diagnosis of tonsillitis is based on clinicala picture typical for this disease, inflammatory processes in the blood (neutrophilia, leukocytosis, increased ESR), studies of a smear from the throat (microscopic and bacteriological). Without treatment, the duration of the disease is about a week. Subsequently, in the absence of any complications of the disease, the clinical symptoms of the disease disappear, and the picture of the blood comes back to normal. The increase in lymph nodes in acute tonsillitis sometimes persists for up to 12 days. Despite this, it is not worth negligent to treat this disease, because its acute form can easily develop into a chronic one, which is fraught with serious consequences. Chronic tonsillitis is the focus of inflammation, which systematically undermines the body's defenses and promotes the spread of infections to organs such as the kidneys and the heart.
Acute tonsillitis is treated most oftenconservatively, but chronic, giving permanent exacerbations, can be eliminated and surgical method. In the first case, all actions are aimed at restoring the normal state of the tonsils. For this purpose, tools such as washing (to remove purulent plugs), Lugol's solution, antibiotics, physiotherapy (UHF, tubos, warming), phonophoresis are used. During treatment of tonsillitis (acute or exacerbation of the chronic), the patient is recommended to adhere to bed rest.
Purulent tonsillitis, which does not stopconservative methods of treatment are often treated with an operating method that involves tonsillotomy (complete tonsillitis in adults and pruning them in children), destruction of damaged almond tissues with cold (cryomethod). These procedures are short (15-20 minutes). The patient is in a hospital for up to 3 days. The procedure for the removal of tonsils provides for mandatory anesthesia. As a rule, after surgery, relapses are not observed, but the removal of tonsils leads to a decrease in immunity.
