Dyshormonal disease, in whichthere is an excessive proliferation of tissues and the formation of cysts, is called fibrocystic breast mastitis. Treatment, causes, symptoms of this pathology will be discussed in the article.
Annually a terrible diagnosis of "breast cancer"hear about a million women. And, unfortunately, these figures are steadily growing. Not everyone knows that this disease is often preceded by fibrocystic mastopathy. What it is? As mentioned above, this hormone-dependent ailment, which is characterized by various changes in the mammary gland - can be observed as proliferation (increase), and regression (decrease) in tissues. Also in iron there are changes in the ratio of connective tissue and epithelial components, as a result of which either cystic or fibrous components may predominate.
Education in the mammary gland more oftendevelop due to hormonal cyclic changes in the body of a woman. Hormones act on the mammary gland, which therefore undergoes various changes - from the onset of puberty and the gradual growth of the gland to pregnancy and breastfeeding.
If hormones for some reason do not control these processes, mammary gland dysfunction occurs, in the tissues there are changes - fibrous or cystic.
The provoking factors of imbalance in the hormonal background of the female body are:
stress;
overwork;
pregnancy;
childbirth;
sexual disorders;
liver disease;
endocrine and gynecological pathologies;
heredity.
The main reason for the development of mastopathy is an increase in the level of the hormone estrogen and a decrease in the hormone progesterone.
In the event that for some reasonthe progesterone content in the body decreases, the mammary gland develops edema, the connective tissue increases in volume, the formation of cysts occurs in the gland.
At risk are such categories of women:
having excess weight, especially against the background of high blood sugar and high blood pressure;
women after 35 years;
not giving birth until age 30;
suffered several abortions;
early stop breastfeeding;
being for a long period of time in a state of nervous tension, undergoing stress.
Often mastopathy is accompanied by such ailments as endometrial hyperplasia, uterine myoma, endometriosis, inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages.
There are various forms of the disease "mastopathy of the cystic fibrosis":
fibrotic form (fibroadenosis) - the fibrous component predominates;
fibrocystic - the cystic component predominates;
adenosis - the glandular component predominates;
mixed form (all components);
adenosis sclerosing.
All this applies to diffuse mastopathy. There is also nodular fibrocystic mastopathy. With this form of the disease, there are limited painful seals, with time they can increase in size.
Diffuse form is the initial stagedisease, it is characterized by the appearance of pain in the mammary glands before menstruation (a few days). Many women complain that they have a mammary gland in the premenstrual period. Symptoms of mastopathy are often mildly expressed and therefore they can easily be mistaken for a typical monthly swelling of the mammary glands. As a rule, the pain passes with the onset of "critical days".
Gradually the pain intensifies, increases from duration and intensity. Painful discomfort is often extended to the scapula, armpit, neck, any touch to the chest is unpleasant.
Mastalgia (masoplasia, mastodynia) isthe initial stage of such an ailment as diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy. Reviews of women indicate pain and tight tissue. Palpation of the mammary glands confirms these symptoms. This condition occurs most often in women under 35 years. All manifestations disappear after the onset of menstruation.
Over time, painful symptomsFibro-cystic mastopathy is weakened. In the mammary glands, the areas of densification are not felt, which do not have clear boundaries, coarsening of glandular lobes, fine granularity. When pressing on the nipples appear different types of discharge. In the premenstrual period of discharge from the nipples and painful seals increase, with the onset of menstruation - decrease. However, complete softening of the glands to the normal state does not occur.
The next stage of the disease is the nodalmastopathy. Nodal formations in the breast become more distinct with this form, and large cysts are often found. Such neoplasms can be localized in one mammary gland or both, be both single and multiple.
Nodal seals are formed in diffusemastopathy with preservation of all its symptoms: rough lobulation, tightness, granularity, discharge from the nipples. Seals can easily be palpated in a standing position, in the supine position, their boundaries are not determined, the surrounding compacted breast tissue hides nodules. This form of mastopathy is diagnosed most often in women older than 30-50 years.
We discussed the symptoms, causes and forms of such an ailment as fibrocystic mastopathy, what it is, we know. Now let's talk about the methods of diagnosing this pathology.
When diagnosing "fibrocysticmastopathy of the mammary glands "treatment can be prescribed only after a thorough examination.The primary examination involves the implementation of palpation of the mammary glands.In order to avoid possible diagnostic errors, a visit to a mammalian doctor is preferable to plan for the 7-10th day of the menstrual cycle.In addition to the mammary glands, the doctor examines the axillary and clavic lymph nodes.
Further diagnosis involves the following procedures:
Ultrasonography. The procedure is absolutely safe and can be appliedrepeatedly over a short period of time. The study can be done during pregnancy and lactation. The use of this technique is difficult with a large amount of adipose tissue in the glands.
X-ray mammography. This procedure is the leading methoddiagnostics of pathologies of the mammary gland: it possesses high informativeness, it allows to reveal small neoplasms, allows to analyze the dynamics of the disease. However, the X-ray will not be enough informative for the examination of young women whose mammary glands have a dense consistency. Also, this procedure is contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Doppler sonography. The method makes it possible to differentiate different diseases of the mammary gland more clearly.
Puncture and cytological study of the obtained biomaterial. The procedure is carried out with suspicion of a tumor disease and atypia.
With such a disease as fibrocystic breast mastitis, treatment should be started after consultation with related specialists: gynecologist, endocrinologist, psychotherapist.
Since there are various forms of the disease"mastopathy of the cystic fibrous" (fibrous form or nodular), then the treatment is carried out by different methods. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the causes and factors that caused mastopathy.
Treatment of diffuse fibrocystic mastopathyconservative methods. Medication therapy involves the use of hormonal and non-hormonal drugs. Hormonal drugs are prescribed in case of acute need and according to the results of a comprehensive examination.
Moderate fibrocystic mastopathy requires compliance with a certain diet: the elimination of too fatty foods, caffeine, alcoholic beverages.
With mastalgia use:
Antidiarrheal drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics ("Ibuprofen", "Nurofen", etc.).
Preparations that improve blood circulation (B vitamins).
Soothing and sedatives (motherwort, valerian).
Conduct physioprocedures (electrophoresis using potassium iodide).
They perform phytotherapy on the basis of such drugs as "Mastodinon", "Vitokan", "Tazalok".
It is extremely important to wear comfortable underwear. Using an unsuitable shape or shape of a bra can provoke deformity of the breast, its soreness and swelling.
Mastopathy can develop as a result of a disorderhormonal background in the body. For the normalization of female sex hormones, antihormones are prescribed, such as Tamoxifen and Toremifene. With the same purpose use oral contraceptive means - medicines "Marvelon" and "Janine", under the influence of which the production of steroids, estrogens, androgens is suppressed and the hormonal level in the body is stabilized. Also, the doctor can prescribe the use of progestogen progesters ("Dufaston", "Utrozhestan"), these drugs inhibit the growth of cysts and contribute to the subsequent gradual regression. In some cases, specialists prescribe antiprolactin (Parlodel), androgen (medication Methyltestosterone), gonadotropin antagonists (Bucerelin and Zoladex agents).
Remember, only a qualified specialist should conduct treatment of fibrocystic mastopathy! Preparations recommended by a specialist should be taken strictly according to the instructions.
In the treatment of this ailment successfully appliedvarious homeopathic remedies. Patients and doctors who conducted these drugs treatment of fibrocystic mastopathy, reviews leave mostly positive: these drugs effectively reduce the level of prolactin, without causing any side effects. These medications include "Cyclodinon", "Remens", "Mastodinon."
With this disease is very importantadjust the power. It is necessary to exclude all products containing methylxanthines: coffee, tea, chocolate of any kind, cola, cocoa. It is also recommended not to use smoked products, pickles. In the daily diet must be present fresh vegetables, rich in fiber, fruits, citrus, cereals. In addition to 2 liters of water per day, it is also recommended to drink herbal teas that have a diuretic and anti-edematous effect. It is necessary to limit the use of salt, as it promotes the accumulation of fluid in the body and swelling of tissues.
Not only medicamentous, but also nonconventionalmethods are used to treat fibrocystic mastopathy. Reviews of friends and girlfriends about traditional methods of therapy of this disease should not become a guide to action. Any treatment should be done only after consulting a specialist.
As an adjunct to the basic treatment, the attending physician can recommend proven folk recipes.
Antitumor effect is provided by such herbs as burdock, wormwood, immortelle, elder, bojac, celandine, sabelnik, birch.
Immunomodulating action - aloe, echinacea, elecampane, propolis.
Surgical treatment is applied in the event that,if at an aspiration biopsy in the punctate are found atypical cells or proliferative changes of the epithelium of the mammary gland. Sectoral resection (linear excision of tissues) and mastectomy (removal of the gland site) are used.
It is important to remember that fibrocystic is a precancerousdisease. Therefore, in no case can not ignore regular visits to the doctor and the conduct of medical examinations. Self-medication, in turn, can lead to the development of hazardous to health conditions, including breast cancer. Treatment in this case is much more serious: breast chemotherapy, radiation therapy, complex surgical intervention are carried out.
After reading this article, you learned more aboutsuch a disease as fibrocystic breast mastitis, treatment, causes and symptoms of pathology were considered by us. We hope that the information will be useful to you. Take care of yourself, treat your condition carefully, immediately reacting to the slightest changes in the body. And be healthy!
