It is not a secret for anyone thatSemisynthetic antibiotics have a wide spectrum of action. Such drugs are used to treat various inflammatory and infectious diseases. But before appointing such medication, the doctor should recommend the patient to undergo a medical examination. This is the only way to understand which antibiotic will effectively manifest itself in the therapy of a particular disease.
For the treatment of the genitourinary system, as well asrespiratory ways actively apply injections "Cefotaxime". The features of this drug, its contraindications, dosage and mode of administration, we will consider below.
What ingredients contains the drugCefotaxime? Injections (children dosage of this drug is set individually) include an active substance, such as cefotaxime (sodium salt).
The preparation itself is a white or yellowish powder, which is used to prepare a solution for intravenous or intramuscular injection.
The medication can be purchased in glass bottles, packaged in cardboard packages.
Do you know what constitutesa preparation "Cefotaxime"? Instructions for use (injections for children - a test is not an easy one, but what if it is necessary?), It is said that it is prescribed with special caution to small patients because it is a semi-synthetic antibiotic. Its active substance is classified as the third generation cephalosporins.
The drug is used parenterally. It is active against gram-positive flora, as well as gram-negative microorganisms that exhibit high resistance to the effects of aminoglycosides, sulfonamides and penicillin.
The principle of the antimicrobial action of this drug is based on its ability to inhibit transpeptidase activity. This happens due to the blocking of peptidoglycan.
How is cefotaxime absorbed? Annotation (shots - this is the only form of the mentioned drug) indicates that after intramuscular administration the highest concentration of the drug in the blood is noted after 35 minutes. Approximately 27-40% of the active substance is bound to plasma proteins.
The bactericidal effect of the drug lasts for 12 hours. The drug is found in the gallbladder, myocardium, bone and soft tissues.
We can not say that the active componentthis drug is able to penetrate the placenta, as well as be determined in pleural, peritoneal, synovial, cerebrospinal and pericardial fluids.
About 90% of the drug is excreted in the urine.
With intramuscular administration, the half-lifethe drug is 60-90 minutes, and with intravenous injections - 1 hour. The partially active ingredient is excreted along with the bile. Cumulation of the drug is not observed.
What diseases should I use?antibiotic "cefotaxime"? Instructions for use (shots, the price of which is indicated below, should be prescribed only by a doctor) states that this drug is indicated in the presence of infectious diseases.
It is very often used in the following pathologies of the respiratory system:
It is also considered an effective remedy for:
It should be noted that the injections "Cefotaxime"quite often prescribed to prevent infections that have developed after surgical interventions (including urological, obstetric and gynecological, on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.).
How to dilute the injection of "Tsefotaxime", wewill tell a little lower. It should be noted that this tool is not a very long list of contraindications. According to the instructions, this medication is not prescribed for:
Is it possible to introduce the child solution "Cefotaxime"? Injections to children (reviews about the effectiveness of the above medication will be presented at the end of the article) are allowed to be done only when the patient reaches the age of 2.5 years (for i / m administration).
With extreme caution, medication is prescribed.newborn babies during breastfeeding (as the drug is excreted in small amounts with mother's milk), as well as in the presence of chronic renal failure and UC (including history)
In case of pathology of the renal and hepatic systems, the patient is required to undergo additional medical examination in order to obtain a conclusion on the absence of contraindications to antibiotic therapy.
How to dilute powder correctly? To answer this question, we turn to the attached instructions. It describes the detailed methods for preparing injection solutions.
So, for intravenous administration (injection) of the drug, 1 g of the powder is diluted with 4 ml of water for injection (sterile). The finished medication is administered slowly over 4-7 minutes.
For intravenous infusion, 1-2 g of powder is diluted50 or 100 ml of solvent. As it is used, 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution (dextrose). The duration of such an introduction - 55-65 minutes.
For intramuscular drug administration, 1 g of the powder is dissolved in 4 ml of solvent. As it is used water for injection or 1% lidocaine solution.
Thus, the drug under consideration can be administered intravenously or in the form of an intramuscular injection.
The drug is usually prescribed to adult patients, as well as adolescents over 12 years old with a body weight of more than 50 kg. When absolutely necessary, it is used to treat young children.
Now you know what you can do to give Cefotaxime injections. But what is their dosage? It depends on the evidence and the severity of the disease.
With infections of the urinary tract, as well as with uncomplicated infections, the drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in 1 g every 9-12 hours.
For infections of moderate severity - 1-2 g every 12 hours.
For uncomplicated acute gonorrhea, the drug is administered intramuscularly in a dosage of 1 g (once).
In severe infections (eg, meningitis)the drug is used intravenously 2 g every 6-9 hours. The maximum dose per day is 12 g. The duration of therapy is determined individually.
To prevent the development of infectiousdiseases before surgery, the patient during the induction of anesthesia once administered "Cefotaxime" at a dosage of 1 g. If required, repeat the injection after 6-12 hours.
When caesarean section in the process of applying clips to the umbilical vein, the drug is administered intravenously in an amount of 1 g. Then after 6-12 hours, an additional injection is given in the same dose.
If necessary, injections "Cefotaxime"newborns and premature babies under the age of one week are given intravenously in the amount of 50 mg per kg of body weight every 12 hours. At the age of 1-4 weeks, the drug is administered in the same dose, but every 9 hours.
Babies over 2.5 years old with a body weight less than 50 kg are prescribed intramuscularly or intravenously in the amount of 50-180 mg per kg of body weight (in 4 or 6 administrations).
In severe infectious diseases, includingin meningitis, the daily dosage of the drug is increased to 100-200 mg per kg. In this case, injections are performed intramuscularly or intravenously in the amount of 4-6 times a day. The maximum dose per day is 12 g.
On the background of the use of the drug "Cefotaxime" patients may develop local reactions such as:
The following undesirable effects may also occur:
In rare cases, allergic responses are possible (increased eosinophils, angioedema, and pruritus), as well as interstitial nephritis and candidiasis.
If you observe other negative effects, you need the help of a doctor and self-cancellation of the medicine.
The cost of the drug in question depends on the mark-up of the network and region of sales. On average, ampoules-bottles (5 pieces of 1 g each) can be bought for 160-170 rubles.
If necessary, this medication is allowed to be replaced by such similar means as “Claforan”, “Cefabol” and “Cefosin”.
However, it should be immediately noted that the use of these drugs is possible only after consulting a doctor.
In pediatric practice, this medicineoften prescribed as an antimicrobial agent. As a rule, this is done in cases where other antibiotics do not give a positive therapeutic effect.
Consumer reviews about injections "Cefotaxime" aremore positive. Reports of patients confirm its high antimicrobial efficacy. However, you can find such responses, which directly indicate the presence of a large number of negative reactions observed after treatment (abdominal distension, dysbiosis, colic, and others).
