In Russian there are words that haveroot morpheme next to several consonant sounds. At the same time in an oral conversation one of these letters falls out, is not pronounced. For example, a well-known ("t" sound), a peer ("t" sound), joyful (sound "t"), heart (sound "d"), etc.
Philologists believe that the sound "t" isthe absolute champion for its unutterability. Words with this letter, which can not be heard during the conversation, a huge number, and most of them can be checked.
Unpronounceable consonant letters lost incertain combinations of sound value, are often found in Russian, although this term is conditional. Any linguist will say that the letters are not pronounced at all, but there are no sounds like that.
In addition to the letter "t" there are other unpronounceable consonants: these are the sounds "d", "c", "l".
The spelling of the Russian language, given their specific features, determines the rules for spelling of such sounds, based on the action of morphological principles.
But how to correctly write a word in which one of the sounds is not heard, while it is unknown, is it at all or not?
The grammar of the Russian language presupposes a rule that determines the spelling of consonants.
In order to find out whether unpronounceable consonants are written at the root, it is necessary to change this word or to pick up a single-root word, but so that the verified letter appears before the vowel sound.
For example, the messenger - the news, the neighborhood - the intersection, whistle - whistle, whistle, honest - with honor, furious - fury, etc.
As we see, before the vowel this unpronounceable consonant is clearly heard in the root: the sun is sunny, the sad is sadness.
The exception in this rule is: flashing, although checked - shine, splash - splash, ladder - ladder. These words need just to remember, since they underwent a certain historical change.
It is also necessary to distinguish these words, inwhich unpronounceable consonants simply do not exist, they are not. For example: vowel, delicious, skilful, dangerous, inert, peer, terrible, literature, honor, participate, food, walk, etc.
In oral conversation there are such words,which are formed from different root bases, but coincide in their sound. At their spelling, when unpronounceable consonants are not audible, but it is also unknown whether they exist at all, one must take into account the context or the phrase. For example, a constant (constant value) and a statement (a statement of fact), skillful (skillfully cooked) - artificial (unnatural), inert (backward) - bone (formed from the word "bone"), march (proudly go) - patronize (patronize) .
Unequally are written and those words that are close tofor example, feel (feel) - participate (to be in common), excavator (digging equipment) - escalator (moving staircase), food (exquisite food) - distinct (obvious), the same age (peer) (from Old Russian disappeared word "cute").
The Russian language is rich in all senses and is full ofwords, in which not two but several consonant sounds are combined, one of which is not pronounced, and therefore not heard. These are such "cunning" collections of letters as "stn", "lntz", "zdn", "vstv", "rdc", "ndsk", "ntsk" in such words as valiant, sun, late, hello, heart , Dutch, amateurish.
Everyone who wants to write competently in Russian, you need to know: there are three special words - a ladder, a feeling and a holiday, to which it is impossible to find a test related word.
The letter "t" in the staircase, "d" in the holiday and "in" in the feeling, you just need to remember forever. Children at school teachers usually offer the following tips for easy memorization:
- Lesnitsa is obtained from Stupenka, Stupenka, Stupenka;
- Prazdnik is a day of joy and podarkov;
- Feeling alive In us, In our heart.
