In the era of romanticism, music took the first placeplace in the art system. This is due to its specificity, which allows the most complete reflection of emotional experiences through the whole arsenal of expressive means.
Romanticism in music appears in the nineteenthcentury in the works of F. Schubert, E. Hoffmann, N. Paganini, K.M. Weber, J. Rossini. A little later this style was reflected in the works of F. Mendelssohn, F. Chopin, R. Schumann, F. Liszt, J. Verdi and other composers.
Romanticism is a direction in art,originated in Europe in the early nineteenth century. It became a kind of opposition to classicism. Romanticism allowed the listener to penetrate into the magical world of legends, songs and legends. The leading principle of this direction is opposition (dreams and everyday life, ideal world and everyday life), created by the creative imagination of the composer. This style was popular with creative people until the forties of the 19th century.
Romanticism in music reflects the problems of modernman, his conflict with the outside world and his loneliness. These themes become the main ones in the composers' work. Being a gifted creative personality, unlike others, a person constantly feels a lack of understanding from others. His talent and becomes the cause of loneliness. That's why the favorite heroes of romantic composers are poets, musicians and artists (R. Schumann "The Poet's Love", Berlioz - subtitle "Episode from the life of an artist" to "Fantastic Symphony", etc.).
Passing the world of inner experiences of a person,Romanticism in music often carries a touch of autobiography, sincerity, lyricism. Widely used themes of love, passion. For example, the famous composer R. Schumann devoted many piano pieces to his lover - Clara Vic.
The theme of nature is also often found in the work of romantics. Often, composers oppose her mental state of man, painting the shades of disharmony.
The theme of science fiction was a real discoveryromantics. They are actively working on the creation of fantasy-fantastic heroes and the transmission of their images through various elements of the musical language (Mozart "The Magic Flute" - Queen of the Night).
Often Romanticism in music appeals tofolk creativity. Composers in their works use a variety of folklore elements (rhythms, intonations, ancient frets), taken from songs and ballads. This allows you to significantly enrich the content of musical pieces.
The use of new images and themes causedThe need to find appropriate forms and means of expressiveness. So in romantic works there are speech intonations, natural frets, oppositions of various tonalities, soloing parties (voices).
Romanticism in music embodied the idea of synthesisarts. The program works of Schumann, Berlioz, Liszt and other composers (symphony "Harold in Italy", the poem "Preludes", the cycle "Years of wanderings", etc.) serve as an example.
Russian romanticism found a vivid reflection in the works of A. Alyabyev, M. Glinka, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Borodin, C. Cui, M. Balakirev, P. Tchaikovsky, and others.
In his works A. Dargomyzhsky conveys a multifaceted psychological images ("Mermaid", romances). In the opera Ivan Susanin M. Glinka draws pictures of the life of a simple Russian people. The top of the romantic style is considered to be the works of the composers of the famous "Mighty Handful". They used expressive means and characteristic intonations inherent in the Russian folk song, everyday music, colloquial speech.
Subsequently, A. Scriabin (the prelude "Dreams", the poem "To the Flame") and S. Rachmaninov (sketches-paintings, opera Aleko, the cantata "Vesna") also turned to this style.
