The engine "Chevrolet Niva" causes a highquality car. This model is one of the best-selling domestic cars in Russia. High cross-country ability and an easy way allow to use the car both for overcoming impassability, and for city driving. Since 2002, "Niva-21213" has undergone several restyling, but the technical characteristics of the engine have not changed.
The engine "Niva" is very similar to the previous engineVAZ-21214. However, there are significant differences. "Chevrolet-Niva" is a four-wheel drive car, and the four-wheel drive is always on. Therefore, the power must be appropriate. The engine is installed petrol four-stroke. The case is made of aluminum, which is unusual for the cars of this model.
Until 2005, most of the domestic machineshad a cast-iron engine. Then began to install the head of aluminum. Cast iron has great strength and less thermal expansion, but aluminum is much lighter, and its fatigue resistance is higher. Between the bottom and the head of the engine there is a standard gasket. Cylinders are arranged in one row.
The cylinder diameters are preserved from the previous onesmodels, however, the pistons themselves got the improvement. On their upper part there are rings that remove oil from the surface of the cylinders. The piston skirt is also strengthened. Thus, the engine "Niva" has become more reliable. New methods of production of basic parts allowed to reduce the weight of the motor, while its technical characteristics did not deteriorate. Crankshaft cranks became lighter, but the shaft itself remained the same.
The volume of the cylinders is 1.6. There is no carburetor. Instead, they installed a modern direct fuel injection system, that is, the mixture from the fuel system enters the mixer, and from there is fed to the injectors. They inject directly into the cylinder, this allowed to reduce fuel consumption and increase engine power. This system also gives the driver the ability to accelerate faster and overcome steep climbs.
The fuel filter is located underneath the body. Control of fuel supply electronic. The onboard computer regulates fuel injection. On the cylinders are located sensors that control all the strokes of the engine and the process of detonation of the combustible mixture. The nozzles are controlled by means of the generated electromagnetic field. Thus, the engine "Niva" increased efficiency, but the details became more expensive. For example, one nozzle can be purchased for forty dollars.
The greatest changes, in comparison with the previous onesmodels, has undergone an ignition system. The ignition coil is one, not four for each candle, as many assumed. In the upper part of the cylinders there are phase sensors. From the coil there are four leads to the candles, which is much more reliable than the module that was before. The engine starts with a half-turn. A controller is installed, which, in the event of a malfunction in the cylinder, disconnects the injector supplied to it to avoid the destruction of the neutralizer.
The Chevrolet-Niva engine was made in cooperation with Western European experts. Therefore, it fully complies with high European environmental standards (Euro-3 and above).
The injection system is pairwise-parallel. Direct injection into the combustion chamber avoids the ingress of a combustible mixture into the atmosphere. The products of the engine oil evaporation through the fuel filter enter the timing system and are sent to the cylinders.
The phased injection was installed in accordance withwith Euro-3 standards. He provided the most accurate fuel supply for each cylinder. This affects not only the environmental friendliness of the car, but also its power and fuel consumption.
The gearbox of the front axle is fixed to the subframe. This allowed the generator to be moved upwards, to the right part of the head - to the place where the distributor used to be. This arrangement allowed to universalize the motor and facilitate its replacement. But belts of this direction began to wear out quickly, therefore their condition should be checked regularly during technical inspection.
The cooling system has also changed. The radiator "Niva" is equipped with two fans. This blowing allows the engine to run at full power in extreme heat and not overheat. To understand what engine is installed on the "Niva-Chevrolet", it is enough to imagine the engine from VAZ-21214 with an injector system and a good airflow.
All controllers were developed by Bosch. They are very reliable, and the driver can monitor the main working processes from the dashboard. The company also calibrated the engine in accordance with Euro-5 standards.
"Chevrolet-Niva" immediately won the domesticmarket. This car for several years bought more than others in the CIS countries. A new design, designed by Italian craftsmen, made the car more attractive. But, as is known, our drivers first of all pay attention to more practical features.
The old Niva-21213 model is stillpopular in the post-Soviet space. The new "Chevy" was actually made at its base. The engine "Niva-21213" provides it with patency in almost any conditions.
The volume of the engine in the classic Niva is 1.6 liters. Up to a hundred kilometers the car accelerates in 17 seconds. The indicator is rather weak, but the main advantages of the car are unpretentiousness in service and the possibility of driving off-road. The work of the cylinders is almost not audible in the cabin. There are no different vibrations, which has always been a problem for VAZ cars.
The engine requires regular maintenance anddiagnostics. However, drivers' reviews indicate the high reliability of all the main systems of the Niva. The main problem is the rapid wear of belts. The developers claim that this deficiency is eliminated in the new "Chevy".
All spare parts are available in domestic markets andare relatively cheap. Exceptions are elements of the fuel system. The jets and timing belts are the own development of Chevrolet, so you can buy them only in branded stores. Counterfeits most often do not last long. In 21213 the ignition system is carburetor, and there are no injectors. However, there is another weak point - the spark plug wires, which often tear and rub off.
