Along with instrumental researchlaboratory tests refer to additional methods of diagnosing diseases. Modern medicine has a large arsenal of laboratory research, one of the most important is a biochemical blood test.
Biochemical analysis of blood is used in order,to obtain more detailed data on the work of the whole organism or of any particular organ, since the biochemical composition of the blood changes with the slightest disturbance of their functions. This popular method of laboratory diagnosis provides a lot of information for the doctor and has a high degree of certainty. The analysis of biochemical indicators is used to diagnose diseases of many organs and systems in therapy, gynecology, and surgery. A modern biochemical analysis includes several dozen different indicators. Consider only those of them that are most important in the proper diagnosis of diseases of organs and systems.
Biochemical parameters of blood in diseases of the heart and blood vessels
In patients with atherosclerosis, which causes the development of IHD, hypertension and other pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, determine the level of cholesterol and beta-lipoproteins.
An informative diagnostic test of damage to the heart muscle is an increase in the activity of enzymes of creatine phosphokinase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase.
To determine the degree of activity of inflammation in rheumatism, myocarditis and other inflammatory diseases, protein fractions - albumins and globulins are determined.
Biochemical indices of blood in diseases of the digestive tract
Biochemical indicators occupy the most important placein the diagnosis of liver diseases. They are not very specific and do not provide an accurate diagnosis, but their results provide an opportunity to assess the functional state of the liver and the degree of its violation. The main indicators of the functional state of the liver are pigment, carbohydrate, protein, enzyme and lipid metabolism. The study of pigmentation involves the determination of the total bilirubin content in the blood, direct and indirect. The state of carbohydrate metabolism is indicated by the amount of sialic acids, seromucoid and lactic acid. The protein metabolism characterizes the total blood protein and its fractions. The indicators characterizing the work of the liver include general lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins.
Biochemical indicators of blood in kidney diseases
The most important indicator of kidney function, which determines the biochemical blood test - creatinine. The state of the functional capacity of the kidneys is also judged by the level of urea.
In assessing the work of other bodies, this analysis is not of great importance.
Preparation of the patient and a technique for taking a blood test for biochemistry
Preparation of the patient for the analysisbiochemical indicators are not complicated. Usually this analysis is taken in the morning, the patient must come on an empty stomach, so before passing the test, you should not eat anything for 6-8 hours.
To determine the biochemical parameters, the patient from the ulnar vein takes 5-10 ml of blood. Usually, the results of the analysis are ready within 24 hours after blood donation.
Biochemical indicators of blood should be determinedeven in the event that there are no special deviations from health. The indicators of the analysis will help to evaluate the work of the whole organism and to identify in due time possible deviations in the functioning of a particular organ. Carrying out a blood test for biochemistry will help to take the necessary measures before the symptoms of a certain disease appear, which will be much more difficult to treat at the advanced clinical stage.
