The structure of the animal's brain differs significantly from the characteristics of the human brain and other living things, so it is customary to separate it into a separate type.
The mammalian brain has enoughlarge dimensions, according to the results of the study, the largest area is occupied by the so-called forebrain located above the middle and intermediate. The general structure of the brain of a mammal was formed as a result of the evolution of ancient animals, and it is based on the power of smell. None of the other vertebrates are so sensitive to smells.
The common name of the animal's brain is secondaryarch. The coordinating center of the work of all parts of the brain is considered to be the cerebral cortex. For the communication of a mammal with the outside world, the forebrain, or frontal lobes, responds.
The structure of the brain of a mammalis formed in such a way that the front part of it has maximum dimensions, as well as the cerebellum, the intermediate part of the brain is slightly smaller, and the smallest part has the middle part.
Nerve endings associated with the spinal cord and transmitting signals to various organs of the animal are located in the medulla oblongata.
Different parts of the brain of mammalsresponsible for certain processes of life. So, it is in the intermediate part of the brain that visual information is processed that comes to the individual. In addition, the process of thermoregulation is due to the control of this body.
Uninterrupted work of the endocrine system is controlled by the pituitary gland, and all the information obtained is analyzed in the middle part of the brain.
In order to maintain the equilibriummammal, as well as the balance of the motor system in general, the work of the cerebellum is necessary. And the basic systems of vital activity have their own control centers located in the medulla oblongata.
The animal's organism is quite complex, andit is believed that his intellect takes second place after the human. This is indicated not only by the structure of the brain of a mammal, but also by the mass with respect to the mass of the spinal cord. For example, in reptiles, the spinal cord and the brain weigh about the same, whereas in the animal the brain mass exceeds the dorsal one by three or even fifteen, depending on the species.
Separate areas of the brain in one speciesDevelop more strongly, the other is weaker, depending on the habitat of the animal. For example, if the main time of day of life of a mammal is night, then the most developed sight of such an animal. If it is a question of the inhabitant of a reservoir or a marsh, it is noted that in such a mammal there will be a strong development of hearing and sense of smell. An exception is a whale, whose olfactory system is rather weak.
In the brain of the animal there are 12 pairscranial nerves. The mammal's head nerves are responsible not only for hearing, sight and smell, they also take a direct part in the formation of the vegetative system.
Scientists have proved that the structure of the brainmammal was formed millions of years. And the ancestors of modern animals were animals with a hunting instinct, extracting their food at night with the help of a well-developed nose and vision. If compared with the modern animal world, their development was located approximately in the middle between modern mammals and reptiles. How the formation of the brain occurred, the researchers are not fully aware of this. But it was thanks to this degree of development that the ancient animals succeeded, having considerably modified, to live up to modern times, and some - to become irreplaceable helpers of man.
