It is impossible to imagine the Russian Navywithout modern high-tech combat submarines. One of the brightest representatives of the family of nuclear submarines is the submarine Severodvinsk, the offspring of PO Sevmash. On July 28, 2014 the submarine left the machine-building enterprise of the defensive complex of the city of Severodvinsk and went on combat duty to the White Sea.
Western press about the underwater miracle of Russia
Russian submarine Severodvinsk in 2014year made a real sensation among Western military experts. The English edition of The Sunday Times informs: "The West fears the beast from the depths." According to journalists, this beast is nothing but a new Russian development - the multipurpose nuclear submarine "Severodvinsk". Many experts interviewed by the publication note that after it appeared in the navy, Russia broke out into the leaders of the world underwater technology. The Severodvinsk nuclear submarine is the main vessel for the design development of the 885 Yasen, which has 8 universal launchers capable of accommodating up to 32 cruise missiles. Depending on the category of these missiles, the submarine Severodvinsk can destroy surface and coastal targets with a range of several tens of thousands of kilometers. In addition, ten underwater vehicles will allow to fight with enemy ships.
The history of one submarine
The Northern Fleet of the Russian Navydisposal of the newest nuclear submarine development of the IV generation. The first laying of a military ship of this class was made at the machine-building enterprise Sevmash in the city of Severodvinsk on December 21, 1993. At that time, the economic situation in the country did not allow the full-scale construction of a military facility to begin. Some production processes due to poor financing had to be stopped. Grandiose design solutions for the building architecture of the submarine required certain approvals and improvements. In 2009, the project of the sea mashburo "Malachite" in the city of St. Petersburg was finally approved and was taken under personal control by the third president of the Russian Federation DA Medvedev. For five years, from 2009 to 2014, the Severodvinsk nuclear submarine has passed the entire production and technological cycle. In November 2013, sea trials were passed by the State Commission of the Ministry of Defense, and on June 17, 2014, the Andreevsky banner was solemnly raised over the combat submarine. The submarine base of the 10th Division of the Northern Fleet of the city of Zaozersk received a new multipurpose nuclear submarine.
Technological features of the underwater monster
The main advantage of the Russian nuclear submarine is the mixeda structural system that reduces noise and makes the boat virtually invisible, and therefore invulnerable. Naturally, all the tactical and technical characteristics of the 885 project are kept in the strictest secrecy. Referring to the words of the source from the intelligence services, The Sunday Times states that first of all the appearance of the newest submarine K 560 Severodvinsk is concerned with the US. And this is not surprising. After all, thanks to the secrecy of the project, no one knows half of what can be on board the Severodvinsk nuclear submarine. So far, only military experts can guess in which area of the world's ocean this warship will enter combat duty.
Technical characteristics of an atomic submarine
What are the technical features of this large underwater ship?
The submarine Severodvinsk is a military submarineAn object that is armed with strategic and cruise missiles. The functional purpose of military weapons is the defeat of carrier groups and submarines of a probable enemy. Some technical characteristics:
- the maximum length is 120 m;
- the maximum width is 14 m;
- the maximum height is 10 m;
- The capacity of the OK-650B nuclear reactor is 190 MW;
- displacement - 13 800 tons;
- surface speed - 16 knots;
- the speed of scuba diving is 31 knots;
- autonomy of stay under water - 100 days;
- The ship consists of 90 crew members.
The maximum depth of the submarine when immersed is 600 meters.
Battle "filling" of the submarine cruiser
In the arsenal of Severodvinsk is:
- 10 torpedo tubes (533 and 650 mm);
- 32 supersonic cruise anti-ship missiles P-800 "Onyx";
- cruise strategic missiles X-101;
- cruise missiles of ground defeat ZM-14E.
Location of torpedo tubes - not in the bowparts of the boat, and behind the compartment of the central control post. Due to such modernization, the antenna of the hydroacoustic complex "Ajax" was placed in the bow of the ship.
Rocket complex installation P-800 "Onyx"
Modern Russian submarines of the fourthgeneration are equipped with a powerful anti-ship missile system P-800 "Onyx". This attack weapon was developed at Reutov's NPO of machine building, in the department of chief designer G. Efremov. For the first time, the Onyx SCR began to be developed in the 1980s. Unlike Soviet predecessors, modern systems are characterized by universal actions of wide application: launching is performed from surface ships, onshore installations, submarines, and also from airplanes. In 1987, the launch of the complex was carried out. After the state testing in 2002, the missile system was accepted for combat arms of the Russian Navy.
Hydro-acoustic complex "Ajax"
For the first time the Northern Fleet of Russia, thanks tomultipurpose submarine "Severodvinsk", received at its disposal a spherical hydroacoustic system "Ajax". The case structure of the system is made of steel AK-32. This is austenitic steel with a yield strength of 100 kg / mm².
Advantages over competitors
The technical superiority of this type of nuclear submarine is as follows:
- high level of automation;
- the periscope telesystem MTK-115-2, which provides an overview of the surface with a deep immersion up to 50 m;
- silent propeller shaft of the electric motor;
- Unified systems for offensive attack of enemy sea and land targets;
- powerful balanced strike system;
- wide range of working depths.
All these design features leave their competitors far behind. Such technical superiority is a big advantage, especially in combat conditions.
Project cost and development prospects
Officially announced value of this submarine of Russiais 47 billion rubles, which is 2 times higher than the cost of the project of the nuclear missile carrier 955 Borey. In the near future it is planned to release six projects "Ash". Thus, it can be concluded that the military doctrine of the Russian Federation is aimed at the submarine fleet of multi-purpose nuclear submarines.
Rescue Capsule Test
For the first time in the history of the Russian submarine fleet"Severodvinsk" took part in the test work of a pop-up system rescue camera. At a depth of 40 meters in the West Face Bay, the atomic submarine simulated a stationary position on the ground of a conditional-emergency submarine. According to the experts and the test team involved in the evacuation exercises, such a camera would be a real godsend for saving the sailors of the Kursk submarine.
The future of the Russian submarine fleet
Statistical results of the international centerThe arms trade says that in the World Ocean today there are 450 combat submarines of various classes. The Russian fleet accounts for 60 units, that is, in fact, every seventh boat is Russian. Among this number of weapons, there are 10 nuclear submarines of strategic designation, the rest are diesel, multi-purpose and special-purpose boats. According to military experts, by 2020 all the "old" submarines of projects 971 and 949 will be modernized and equipped with modern combat systems, like the nuclear submarine Severodvinsk. Which, in principle, is completely justified. To date, the Russian submarine fleet has received a fourth-generation nuclear submarine. The difference from previous warships is that it has a large number of weapons deployments. All the best developments in high-range rocket building are collected in this submarine complex. The submarine Severodvinsk is equipped with modern electronic sensors capable of responding to any movement of enemy equipment for tens of thousands of kilometers. The main tactical task of Severodvinsk will be convoying and escorting strategic naval vessels.
According to technical characteristics, the nuclear submarine"Severodvinsk" is not inferior to American and British models, but in many respects it exceeds them. The boat is equipped with an advanced nuclear power plant and the latest communication and navigation complexes.
A bit of history
In June 1933, the Northernflotilla. It is from this moment that the naval fleet of the northern borders of the Russian Federation begins its history. Since May 1937, the North Sea flotilla has been renamed the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. The headquarters of the military education is located in Severomorsk. The first commander-in-chief of the fleet was Vice-Admiral Konstantin Ivanovich Dushenov. Since June 24, 2011, the commander of the Northern Fleet of Russia is appointed Admiral V. Korolev. To date, the naval bases of the northern sea lines are missile and torpedo submarines, anti-submarine aircraft and aircraft-carrying ships. The flagship of the North Sea fleet is the "Peter the Great" missile cruiser. The main bases of the fleet are in Severomorsk, Zaozersk, Gadzhiyevo and Polar.
The composition of the Northern Fleet submarine
On the combat armament of the Northern Fleet, in addition to the submarine Severodvinsk, there are eight more modern combat-capable atomic submarines:
- TK-208 "Dmitry Donskoy." This is a large underwater strategic missile cruiser system 941 "Shark", first appeared in the combat series of the submarine fleet in June 1982. In Soviet times, the boat was brought to the Board of Honor of the Navy and the Ministry of Defense of the USSR. As of early 2015, the submarine is in full combat readiness.
- Heavy submarine cruiser TK-17 "Arkhangelsk"project system 941 "Shark". As part of the fleet, the ship appeared in February 1988. In 2004, President Vladimir Putin visited Arkhangelsk on board. To date, the submarine is in the fleet reserve. In 2018, the Russian Navy plans to utilize a veteran of the Russian submarine fleet.
- The atomic boat "Petrozavodsk". Represents the project system 671RTMK "Pike", taken on balance in March 1989. The crew of Petrozavodsk was recognized as the best in the Northern Fleet. Multiple prize-winner of the GK Cup of torpedo and anti-submarine training. The submarine "Petrozavodsk" participated in the filming of the documentary "Russian Depth".
- The Russian fleet since December 1989entered the submarine "Voronezh" - three-time winner of the Cup of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy missile firing for academic purposes. After fulfilling multiple combat missions on near and far sea lines, it was repeatedly repaired. As of 2014 is in full combat readiness as part of the Northern Fleet.
- Submarine Severstal - strategic missile cruiserproject development 941 "Shark". Since February 1990, he is in combat arms of the Northern Fleet of Russia. In September 2001, this submarine took part in joint patrols in the area of the Kursk submarine's death.
- In February 1991, the nuclear submarine B-138 Obninsk was the first timeappeared in the fleet. Prizewinner of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy for attacking a group of warships. For 23 years I participated in ten military services. In December 2014, launched a cruise missile in the Barents Sea.
- K-410 "Smolensk" (in the fleet since March 14, 1991year) - the nuclear submarine project 949A "Antey". In December 1992, she became a prize-winner of the Russian Navy for the long-range missile fire. In 2014, participated in the rescue of the boat "Barents" in the White Sea.
- The nuclear submarine K-266 "Orel" project 949A"Antey". Since February 5, 1993, this submarine vessel has filled the ranks of the Navy's submarines. Prizewinner of the Civil Code of the Navy for missile firing at the sea target. A participant in the ship parade on Navy Day in Severomorsk. On board the submarine, the rescue team was trained to practice operations on the Kursk nuclear submarine. At the beginning of April 2015, the fire of the ninth compartment occurred on the Oryol nuclear submarine.
Russian submarines are the pride and strength of the state, they need to be developed and modernized.
